Mastery learning
Mastery learning is an approach where you fully learn one topic to a set standard, like 90 percent on a check, before you move on to the next one. Progress is based on whether you actually know the material, not on a fixed weekly schedule.
The core idea is simple. A weak foundation makes every later topic harder, because most subjects build on what came before. Mastery learning blocks that pileup. You stay on a concept, get feedback, and fix the gaps until you can show you know it. Only then do you advance.
Benjamin Bloom formalized this in 1968. His claim was that almost all students can reach a high standard if they get enough time and support, so the thing that should vary is time, not the standard. A common misconception is that this means going slow forever. It does not. You move fast through what you already know and spend the extra time only where you are actually weak.
A medical student studying the cardiac cycle keeps quizzing herself until she can explain every phase without notes and scores above 90 percent. She does not touch the next chapter on heart failure until then, because that topic assumes she already understands the normal cycle cold.