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1. 1. Which of the following best describes what a notary public does?

   • A. Confirms that the statements inside the document are true
   • B. Approves the document as legally valid and correctly written
   • C. Acts as an impartial official witness to the signing and to the signer's identity
   • D. Represents the signer's interests in the transaction
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: C. Acts as an impartial official witness to the signing and to the signer's identity

   A notary public is a public officer commissioned by the state to deter fraud at the moment of signing. The job is to check who the signer is, that the signer appears willing and aware, and to record and certify the act. A notary never vouches for the truth of the contents or for whether the document does what the signer hopes, and that impartiality is why a notary who stands to gain from the document has to decline.

2. 2. A signer must sign the document in front of the notary and then swear or affirm that its contents are true. Which notarial act is this?

   • A. An acknowledgment
   • B. A jurat, also called a verification on oath or affirmation
   • C. A copy certification
   • D. A signature witnessing
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   Svar: B. A jurat, also called a verification on oath or affirmation

   A jurat has two parts that no other act combines: the signature is made in the notary's presence, and the signer takes an oath or affirmation that the statement is true. That is why the wording usually starts with subscribed and sworn to before me. Because the signer is now under oath, a false statement can be prosecuted as perjury, which is exactly why affidavits use a jurat instead of an acknowledgment.

3. 3. Complete the sentence.

   In most states, a signer taking an acknowledgment does not have to sign while the notary watches. The signer must personally appear and _____.

   Alternativer for luke 1: swear that everything in the document is true, declare that the signature is theirs and that they signed willingly, hand the original document to the notary for safekeeping, bring two credible witnesses who sign as well

   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: declare that the signature is theirs and that they signed willingly

   An acknowledgment answers one question: did this person knowingly and willingly sign this document. The signature may already be on the page when the signer walks in, but the signer still has to appear, be identified and acknowledge it. Deeds, mortgages and powers of attorney normally take an acknowledgment because what matters is the identity and the willingness of the signer, not the truth of the wording.

4. 4. A customer asks a notary to certify that a photocopy of a birth certificate is a true copy of the original. What is the right response?

   • A. Certify it, because any notary may certify any copy
   • B. Certify it if the customer swears the copy is accurate
   • C. Notarize the customer's signature on the copy and treat that as a certified copy
   • D. Decline, and send the customer to the office that issued the record
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: D. Decline, and send the customer to the office that issued the record

   Vital records such as birth, death and marriage certificates are certified by the agency that holds them, and many states specifically forbid a notary from copy certifying a public record. On top of that, whether a notary may certify copies at all is a state by state question, since some states never authorized the act. Some states offer a narrow workaround where the document custodian swears in a jurat that the copy is true, so check your own handbook before you promise anything.

5. 5. A signer's brother brings in a deed the signer already signed. The signer is at home and available by video call. The notary is not commissioned to perform remote online notarizations. What must the notary do?

   • A. Notarize it, because the signature is already on the document
   • B. Notarize it if the brother produces the signer's ID
   • C. Decline, because the signer has to personally appear before the notary
   • D. Notarize it and record in the journal that the signer appeared by video
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: C. Decline, because the signer has to personally appear before the notary

   Personal appearance is the one requirement every notarial act shares, and it is the rule most often broken as a favor. An acknowledgment lets the signer sign in advance, but the signer still has to stand in front of the notary and acknowledge it. A live video call counts only in states that authorize remote online notarization and only when the notary holds that specific authority and uses an approved platform, so without it the answer is no, however inconvenient that is.

6. 6. Which of the following are generally accepted ways to establish satisfactory evidence of a signer's identity?

   Velg alle som passer.

   • A. The notary's own personal knowledge of the signer
   • B. A photocopy of the signer's ID emailed ahead of the appointment
   • C. A current government issued identification document of the kind the state accepts
   • D. The signer's employer vouching for them over the phone
   • E. One or more credible identifying witnesses, in the way the state allows
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: A. The notary's own personal knowledge of the signer, C. A current government issued identification document of the kind the state accepts, E. One or more credible identifying witnesses, in the way the state allows

   Most states recognize three routes to identity: the notary personally knows the signer, the signer presents an acceptable identification document, or a credible witness who knows the signer swears to that identity. Which documents qualify, how current they must be, and how many credible witnesses are needed and whether they must themselves be identified are all set by state law. A copy of an ID and a phone call from someone else prove nothing, because neither one is the person standing in front of you.

7. 7. Remote online notarization differs from a traditional notarization mainly because:

   • A. The signer no longer has to prove their identity
   • B. The signer appears live by audio and video, and identity is checked with credential analysis and identity proofing
   • C. The notary may perform acts while physically located outside the commissioning state
   • D. No journal or record of the act is required
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: B. The signer appears live by audio and video, and identity is checked with credential analysis and identity proofing

   Remote online notarization keeps every principle and changes only the way appearance and identity happen: a live two way audio video session plus automated checks on the credential and on the signer's identity. The notary normally has to be physically inside the commissioning state during the act, register separately for this authority and use a platform the state approved. The recording and the electronic journal must be kept, usually for a number of years the state sets, and not every state authorizes remote notarization at all.

8. 8. Where a notary journal is kept, which of the following are typical entries for each notarial act?

   Velg alle som passer.

   • A. The date and time of the act
   • B. The type of notarial act and the type of document
   • C. How the signer's identity was established
   • D. The notary's opinion of whether the document is legally sound
   • E. A full photocopy of every page that was notarized
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: A. The date and time of the act, B. The type of notarial act and the type of document, C. How the signer's identity was established

   A journal is a chronological record of what you did, not a file of what you read, so entries cover the date and time, the act, the document, the signer's name and often address, how identity was established and the fee charged. Some states also require the signer's signature in the journal, and a few require a thumbprint for certain real property documents. Whether a journal is required at all, what it must contain and how long it is kept are state rules, and in most states the journal belongs to the notary personally rather than to the employer who paid for it.

9. 9. Complete the sentence.

   An _____ calls on a higher power, while an _____ is a solemn promise made on personal honor with no religious reference. Both carry the same legal weight and the same penalty for lying.

   Alternativer for luke 1: oath, affirmation, acknowledgment

   Alternativer for luke 2: oath, affirmation, acknowledgment

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   Svar: oath, affirmation

   Offering the affirmation matters, because some signers will not swear for religious or personal reasons and are entitled to an equivalent that binds them just as tightly. Either one must be spoken aloud as a real exchange, with the signer responding, since a silent nod is not a ceremony. Skipping the words entirely and simply stamping an affidavit is one of the most common notarial errors, and it can leave the document worthless.

10. 10. Which statement about a notary's official seal or stamp is correct?

    • A. An employer who paid for it may use it while the notary is away
    • B. It may be placed over the signer's signature when space is tight
    • C. Any stamp is acceptable as long as it shows the notary's name
    • D. The notary keeps it under sole control, and state law sets what it must contain
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    Svar: D. The notary keeps it under sole control, and state law sets what it must contain

    The seal is the notary's personal official tool, so it stays in the notary's control even when an employer bought it, and a lost or stolen seal normally has to be reported to the commissioning office. What the seal must show, typically the name exactly as commissioned, the words notary public, the state and often a commission number or expiration date, is set by statute. Place it in clear space so nothing is obscured and so it reproduces cleanly, because a recorder can reject a document over a smudged or overlapping impression.

11. 11. A signer missed a filing deadline and asks the notary to date the certificate two days earlier. The notary should:

    • A. Refuse, because the certificate must show the date the act actually happened
    • B. Agree, if the signer signs a statement taking responsibility
    • C. Agree, if the document really was signed two days earlier
    • D. Agree, and record the true date in the journal instead
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: A. Refuse, because the certificate must show the date the act actually happened

    The date on the certificate is the date of the notarial act, not the date on the document, so backdating creates a false official record. It is one of the fastest ways to lose a commission, and depending on the state it can bring civil liability and criminal charges as well. The same applies to postdating, to signing a certificate before the act, and to leaving a stamped but blank certificate with anyone for later use.

12. 12. Which situation disqualifies a notary from performing the notarization?

    • A. The notary already knows the signer personally
    • B. The notary works for the company that prepared the document
    • C. The notary is named in the document and stands to gain from it
    • D. The notary has notarized for this signer several times before
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    Svar: C. The notary is named in the document and stands to gain from it

    A notary must be impartial, so being a party to the document or receiving a benefit from it beyond the lawful notarial fee is a disqualifying interest. A notary also cannot notarize their own signature. Personal knowledge of the signer is not a problem and is in fact one accepted way to establish identity, and being an employee of a party is usually allowed as long as you gain nothing beyond your salary and your fee. Rules about notarizing for a spouse or close relative differ by state, and declining is the safe answer when your handbook is not clear.

13. 13. Which of these actions would generally count as the unauthorized practice of law by a notary who is not an attorney?

    Velg alle som passer.

    • A. Telling the signer which notarial act their document needs
    • B. Explaining what the document will do legally and whether signing it is wise
    • C. Asking the signer which act they want and reading the certificate choices printed on the document
    • D. Drafting a power of attorney for the signer
    • E. Refusing to notarize because the signer cannot produce acceptable identification
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: A. Telling the signer which notarial act their document needs, B. Explaining what the document will do legally and whether signing it is wise, D. Drafting a power of attorney for the signer

    Choosing the act for a signer is treated as legal advice, because the choice changes the legal effect of the document, so the notary describes the available acts and the signer decides. Explaining consequences or drafting documents crosses the same line. Reading out what is already printed and declining an act you may not perform are both squarely inside the job. In several states a notary who advertises in another language must also state plainly that they are not an attorney, because the term notario carries a very different meaning abroad.

14. 14. Complete the sentence.

    The most a notary may charge for a notarial act is set by _____, and some states set no maximum at all.

    Alternativer for luke 1: federal law, state law, the notary's employer, the county recorder

    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: state law

    Fee caps are written into each state's notary statutes, and they can differ by act and for electronic or remote notarizations. Travel fees are treated separately, and some states require you to agree the amount with the signer in advance and to show it separately from the notarial fee. Overcharging is one of the most common reasons notaries face discipline, so look up your state's schedule and keep it where you work.

15. 15. In states that require a notary surety bond, what does that bond actually do?

    • A. It pays a member of the public who loses money through the notary's mistake or misconduct, and the notary has to repay the surety
    • B. It protects the notary from having to pay for their own mistakes
    • C. It covers the notary's legal costs in any lawsuit
    • D. It guarantees the commission will be renewed at the end of the term
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: A. It pays a member of the public who loses money through the notary's mistake or misconduct, and the notary has to repay the surety

    A surety bond protects the public, not the notary. If the bond pays a claim, the surety company comes back to the notary for the money. The optional coverage that protects the notary is errors and omissions insurance, which is separate and never required as a substitute. Whether a bond is required at all, the amount and the length of a commission term are set by each state, so check your handbook rather than assuming a figure you read somewhere else.

Dette tester en notarprøve faktisk

Det finnes ingen nasjonal notarlisens og ingen nasjonal notarprøve i USA. En notary public får oppdraget sitt fra en delstat, og hver regel som betyr noe kommer fra lovene i den delstaten. Bare noen delstater krever en skriftlig prøve før de gir deg oppdraget. California og New York er de kjente eksemplene, og begge tester sin egen lovgivning. Andre delstater krever et delstatsgodkjent kurs, en vandelssjekk og en søknad, og noen krever lite mer enn en søknad, et gebyr og en garanti. Antall spørsmål, tidsgrensen, grensen for bestått og antall forsøk settes altså av den som utnevner notarer i din delstat, vanligvis secretary of state, selv om noen få delstater bruker et annet kontor som en county clerk. Håndboka det kontoret gir ut er den eneste pålitelige kilden for de tallene.

Det prøvene har felles er begrepene under. Nesten alle forventer at du vet hva en notar er og ikke er, notarialhandlingene og hva som skiller dem, at den som skriver under må møte personlig, hva som teller som tilfredsstillende bevis for identitet, hva som hører hjemme i en protokoll, hvordan seglet brukes og beskyttes, hvordan attesten fylles ut, når du må nekte, når en interesse i dokumentet gjør deg inhabil, og hvor notarialbekreftelse slutter og advokatvirksomhet begynner. Elektronisk og fjernbasert notarialbekreftelse på nett dukker også opp nå, i det minste på begrepsnivå.

Det som varierer er nesten alt det konkrete. Om en protokoll er påbudt, hva som må stå i den, om du i det hele tatt kan bekrefte kopier, høyeste gebyr per handling, om og hvordan du kan ta betalt for reise, om du kan notarialbekrefte for en slektning, hvor lenge et oppdrag varer, om det kreves en garantiforsikring og på hvilket beløp, og om delstaten din tillater fjernbasert notarialbekreftelse på nett. Ta aldri med deg et tall fra én delstat til en annen. Slå opp hvert av de punktene i din egen håndbok og skriv ned svaret. Ingenting på denne siden er juridiske råd.

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Disse 15 spørsmålene holder seg på den felles grunnen. De spør hva som skiller en jurat fra en acknowledgment, hvorfor personlig frammøte ikke er forhandlingsbart, hvilket identitetsbevis som faktisk godtas, hva protokollen er til for og hvem som eier den, og hvorfor en notar som selv har noe å tjene på et dokument må gi det videre til noen andre. Der en regel settes per delstat, spør spørsmålet om prinsippet framfor om tallet, for det er tallet i din delstat som gjelder.

Ta prøven i én økt uten håndboka åpen, og les så hver forklaring, også de du fikk riktig. Behandle et galt svar som et tema og ikke som et faktum å pugge. Åpne så håndboka til din egen delstat og fyll ut de blankene denne siden bevisst lar stå åpne. Skriv ned de høyeste gebyrene i delstaten din, protokollreglene, hvor lenge oppdraget varer, kravet til garanti, om kopibekreftelse er tillatt, og hva den sier om å notarialbekrefte for familie. Den korte lista er som regel der både en prøve og en reell klage starter.

Øv så på det som faktisk får notarer i trøbbel. Det meste av disiplinærsakene kommer fra slurvete attester og hoppede frammøter, ikke fra eksotisk juss. Les en attest og sett navn på handlingen den ber om. Fyll ut sted og dato. Si høyt setningen du kommer til å bruke når du må si nei, for å avslå høflig under press er en ferdighet, og du får bruk for den foran en kunde som er sent ute til et oppgjør.

Slik bygger StudyPDF fullengdes øvingsprøver fra din egen håndbok

Femten spørsmål kan vise deg hvor du er svak. De gjør deg ikke klar, og ingen generell spørsmålsbank kan kjenne reglene i din delstat, som er nettopp det en notarprøve tester.

StudyPDF jobber fra ditt eget materiale i stedet. Last opp notarhåndboka til delstaten din, heftet fra det delstatsgodkjente kurset, studieguiden du betalte for, eller rutinene for signering som arbeidsgiveren din eller et title company ga deg, så bygger Bo, studieagenten, fullengdes øvingsprøver fra akkurat de sidene. Hvert spørsmål er forankret i ditt materiale, og hver forklaring peker tilbake til hvor svaret kom fra, så når en regel ser feil ut kan du sjekke kilden på sekunder i stedet for å krangle med en nettside. Du kan lage nye prøver så ofte du vil, spisse dem mot ett område som regler for protokoll og segl eller acknowledgment mot jurat, og se hvilke begreper du stadig bommer på. Leser du ved siden av jobb, slår korte økter på de svake punktene det å lese håndboka fra perm til perm.

Du trenger ikke en fil for å komme i gang. Er håndboka di en nettside, eller lot du heftet ligge på jobb, kan du bare oppgi et tema, for eksempel krav til notarprotokoll eller eder og forsikringer, så skriver Bo en øvingsprøve fra det. Gratis å komme i gang. For alt som er delstatsspesifikt er det din egen håndbok som gjelder, og ingenting av dette er juridiske råd.