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1. 1. Which word is closest in meaning to EXPEDITE?

   • A. Postpone
   • B. Speed up
   • C. Record
   • D. Question
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: B. Speed up

   To expedite something is to make it happen faster. The word comes from Latin roots meaning to free the feet, so the picture behind it is clearing an obstacle out of the way. Vocabulary items usually offer one near opposite, here postpone, because a test taker who half remembers the word tends to grab it.

2. 2. Which sentence is written correctly?

   • A. The list of applicants were sent to the hiring office.
   • B. The list of applicants have been sent to the hiring office.
   • C. The list of applicants was sent to the hiring office.
   • D. The lists of applicants was sent to the hiring office.
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: C. The list of applicants was sent to the hiring office.

   The subject is list, which is singular, so the verb is was. The phrase of applicants sits between the subject and the verb and has no effect on the verb form. Cross out any phrase that starts with a preposition and the agreement gets obvious, which is why the last option is wrong in the opposite direction: lists is plural and needs were.

3. 3. Complete the series.

   4, 7, 13, 25, _____, 97

   Alternativer for luke 1: 37, 49, 50, 61

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   Svar: 49

   The gaps are 3, 6, 12 and 24, so each gap doubles, which makes the next gap 24 doubled, or 48. Adding 48 to 25 gives 49, and 49 plus 96 gives 97, which confirms the rule. The same series also follows the rule double the number and subtract one, and when two rules both fit, checking them against the last given term settles it.

4. 4. A department received 1,260 applications. One clerk sorted 40 percent of them and the two remaining clerks split the rest evenly. How many did each of those two clerks sort?

   • A. 252
   • B. 378
   • C. 420
   • D. 504
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: B. 378

   Forty percent of 1,260 is 504, so 756 are left. Split evenly between two clerks, that is 378 each. The wrong answers are the traps you get by stopping early: 504 is the first clerk's share, and 420 is what you get by splitting all 1,260 three ways and ignoring the percentage.

5. 5. Which of these are standard rules in an alphabetical filing system?

   Velg alle som passer.

   • A. A personal name is filed by surname first, then given name, then middle name or initial.
   • B. Nothing comes before something, so Bell is filed before Bellamy.
   • C. A prefix such as De, Van or Mac stays attached to the surname rather than being treated as a separate word.
   • D. A title such as Dr. or Captain decides the order when two surnames are identical.
   • E. Names written with digits are always filed after every alphabetic name.
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: A. A personal name is filed by surname first, then given name, then middle name or initial., B. Nothing comes before something, so Bell is filed before Bellamy., C. A prefix such as De, Van or Mac stays attached to the surname rather than being treated as a separate word.

   Filing items reward knowing the ordering logic rather than guessing. Names are compared unit by unit, surname first, and a shorter unit sorts before a longer one that starts the same way, which is the nothing before something rule. A prefix is part of the surname, so Van Dyke files under V. Titles are used only as a last resort after every other unit matches, and numeric filing usually comes before alphabetic, not after. Where a specific agency's manual differs, its manual is what the test follows, so read the one you are given.

6. 6. A coding key assigns A=1, B=2, C=3, D=4, E=5. The rule is: shift each letter one position later in the alphabet, then write the number of the new letter. What code does BAD produce?

   • A. 325
   • B. 214
   • C. 132
   • D. 436
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: A. 325

   Shift each letter first: B becomes C, A becomes B, D becomes E. Then read the numbers: C is 3, B is 2, E is 5, giving 325. The wrong answer 214 is what you get by skipping the shift and coding the letters as they stand, which is the single most common slip on coding items. Do the steps in the order the rule gives them, one letter at a time.

7. 7. Complete the sentence.

   A candidate answers 45 of 60 questions correctly, which is _____ percent. Answering the same share of an 80 question test correctly would mean _____ correct answers.

   Alternativer for luke 1: 66, 70, 75, 80

   Alternativer for luke 2: 55, 60, 65, 70

   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: 75, 60

   45 divided by 60 is 0.75, which is 75 percent. Applying that share to 80 questions gives 0.75 times 80, which is 60. Once you have the share as a decimal you can move it onto any total, and that is faster than setting up a new proportion each time. Note that a percentage correct is not the same as a passing score, since each jurisdiction sets its own passing standard.

8. 8. A county office posts this notice: Applications delivered in person are date stamped at the counter. Applications sent by mail are date stamped on the day they are opened, which may be later than the postmark. Applications are reviewed in date stamp order. Based only on the notice, which statement is supported?

   • A. An application handed in at the counter can be reviewed before one that was mailed earlier.
   • B. A mailed application is reviewed according to its postmark date.
   • C. Two applications mailed on the same day are always reviewed together.
   • D. Applications delivered in person are reviewed before all mailed applications.
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: A. An application handed in at the counter can be reviewed before one that was mailed earlier.

   The notice says review order follows the date stamp, and that a mailed application is stamped when it is opened, which can be after its postmark. That is enough to support the first statement and it rules out the second. The other two overreach: always and all are stronger than anything the notice says, since a mailed application opened today is stamped the same day as one handed in today. On reading items, answer from the passage alone and be suspicious of absolutes.

9. 9. You are working a public counter. A resident becomes loud and angry after learning the form they filled out was the wrong one. Which of these are appropriate first responses?

   Velg alle som passer.

   • A. Let the person finish speaking before you start explaining.
   • B. Tell them calmly which form is the correct one and what happens next.
   • C. Point out that the instructions were posted and they should have read them.
   • D. Keep your voice level and stay at the counter unless you feel unsafe.
   • E. Walk away and start serving the next person in line.
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: A. Let the person finish speaking before you start explaining., B. Tell them calmly which form is the correct one and what happens next., D. Keep your voice level and stay at the counter unless you feel unsafe.

   Situational judgment items are looking for the response that solves the problem and keeps the situation calm, not the one that assigns blame. Listening first, giving a clear next step and keeping your own tone steady all do that. Telling someone they should have read the instructions is correct and useless at the same time, and walking off leaves the problem unsolved. Keep in mind that the scoring key is written by the hiring agency and reflects how it wants its staff to behave, so read any published values statement for the job you applied to.

10. 10. A square sheet of paper is folded in half, then folded in half again. A single hole is punched through all the layers. When the paper is unfolded, how many holes are there?

    • A. Two
    • B. Three
    • C. Four
    • D. Eight
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: C. Four

    Each fold doubles the number of layers. One fold gives two layers, a second fold gives four, and the punch goes through every layer, so unfolding reveals four holes. The rule is that the number of holes equals two multiplied by itself once per fold, so three folds would give eight. Counting layers is the reliable way through paper folding items, and sketching the folds in the margin costs a few seconds and saves the guess.

11. 11. A dispatcher records this description: blue sedan, license plate RTK 4192, traveling north on Third Street. Which report below matches that description exactly?

    • A. Blue sedan, plate RTK 4912, northbound on Third Street
    • B. Blue coupe, plate RTK 4192, northbound on Third Street
    • C. Blue sedan, plate RTK 4192, northbound on Third Avenue
    • D. Blue sedan, plate RTK 4192, northbound on Third Street
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: D. Blue sedan, plate RTK 4192, northbound on Third Street

    Only the last option matches on all three details. The others each change exactly one thing: 4912 transposes two digits, coupe changes the body style, and Avenue changes the street type. Observation items are built from single small changes like these, so compare one field at a time, in the same order every time, instead of reading each option as a whole sentence.

12. 12. In each pair below, the same record has been copied from one list to another. Which pairs are exact matches?

    Velg alle som passer.

    • A. Kowalczyk, Anna 5583041 and Kowalczyk, Anna 5583041
    • B. Reyes-Ortega, M. 4471902 and Reyes-Ortega, M. 4471902
    • C. Stephenson, Carl 8820376 and Stephenson, Carl 8820736
    • D. O'Donnell, Sean 3319548 and ODonnell, Sean 3319548
    • E. Whitfield, Dana 6604215 and Whitfield, Diana 6604215
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: A. Kowalczyk, Anna 5583041 and Kowalczyk, Anna 5583041, B. Reyes-Ortega, M. 4471902 and Reyes-Ortega, M. 4471902

    The first two agree character for character. The third transposes 3 and 7 in the middle of the number, the fourth drops the apostrophe, and the fifth turns Dana into Diana. Checking items are scored on accuracy under time pressure, and the reliable method is to split each record into fields and compare them in the same order every time, reading numbers in small groups rather than as one long string.

13. 13. Complete the sentence.

    Filing Sanders, Sandburg and Sandoval in strict alphabetical order, the name that comes first is _____ and the name that comes last is _____.

    Alternativer for luke 1: Sanders, Sandburg, Sandoval

    Alternativer for luke 2: Sanders, Sandburg, Sandoval

    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: Sandburg, Sandoval

    All three share the first four letters, S, a, n and d, so the fifth letter decides: b in Sandburg, e in Sanders, o in Sandoval. That gives Sandburg, Sanders, Sandoval. Compare letter by letter and stop at the first letter that differs, because judging by how the whole name looks or sounds is what puts Sanders first for most people.

14. 14. Which sentence uses affect and effect correctly?

    • A. The new rule will effect how many forms you file, and the affect was immediate.
    • B. The new rule will affect how many forms you file, and the effect was immediate.
    • C. The new rule will affect how many forms you file, and the affect was immediate.
    • D. The new rule will effect how many forms you file, and the effect was immediate.
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: B. The new rule will affect how many forms you file, and the effect was immediate.

    In ordinary use affect is the verb, meaning to influence, and effect is the noun, meaning the result. The rule affects the forms, and the result is the effect. Effect does exist as a verb, meaning to bring about, as in effect a change, but it does not fit here, where the sentence is about influencing something that already exists.

15. 15. Which letter comes next in this series: B, D, G, K, P?

    • A. S
    • B. T
    • C. U
    • D. V
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: D. V

    Turn the letters into their positions in the alphabet: 2, 4, 7, 11, 16. The gaps are 2, 3, 4 and 5, so the next gap is 6, giving position 22, which is V. Converting letters to numbers is the standard move on letter series, because a growing gap is nearly invisible in letters and obvious in numbers.

Det finnes ingen enkelt civil service exam

Dette er det første du bør få klart for deg, for det endrer hvordan du leser. Det finnes ingen enkelt nasjonal civil service exam. Føderale etater, delstatsmyndigheter, fylker, byer, kollektivselskaper, skoledistrikter og politi- og brannvesen kjører hver sin ansettelsesprosess, og hver av dem bestemmer hva den skriftlige prøven inneholder. To kontorjobber i nabofylker kan bruke helt ulike prøver.

Så ingen nettside kan si deg hva som kommer på din. Antall spørsmål, tidsgrensen, grensen for bestått, hvordan lista rangeres, om veteraner får ekstrapoeng og hvor lenge en bestått poengsum blir stående settes alle av den myndigheten som gir prøven. Alt en amerikansk delstat eller en lokal myndighet setter, setter de alene og ikke etter en nasjonal regel. Skaff kunngjøringen eller kandidathåndboka for ditt nøyaktige prøvenummer og les den før du kjøper en eneste studieguide.

Det du kan gjøre uten det dokumentet er å bygge de underliggende ferdighetene, for de går igjen. En prøve skrevet for en fylkeskontorist og en prøve skrevet for en kontormedarbeider i en delstat vil ikke dele spørsmål, men de vil dele hvilke tenkemåter de spør etter.

Ferdighetene som går igjen på nesten alle

Nesten alle skriftlige civil service-prøver henter fra den samme puljen av generelle evner. Leseforståelse ber deg svare ut fra en tekst og bare ut fra teksten, som regel et notat, en kunngjøring eller et avsnitt fra en rutinehåndbok. Ordforråd og grammatikk ber deg velge det riktige ordet eller den korrekt skrevne setningen. Regning og tekstoppgaver holder seg praktiske: prosent, gjennomsnitt, forholdstall, fordeling av en arbeidsmengde. Tall- og bokstavrekker ber deg finne regelen bak en sekvens. Romlige og mønsterbaserte oppgaver ber deg se for deg noe brettet, rotert eller satt sammen.

Resten av puljen er kontorarbeid. Hukommelses- og observasjonsoppgaver gir deg detaljer og ber deg så gjengi dem nøyaktig. Kodeoppgaver gir deg en nøkkel og en regel og ber deg bruke den uten å gli. Arkiveringsoppgaver tester alfabetisk og numerisk rekkefølge. Kontroll av kontorarbeid gir deg to lister og spør om de stemmer overens, noe som høres lett ut helt til du møter et ombyttet siffer i full fart. Situasjonsbaserte oppgaver beskriver et problem med en kollega eller et medlem av publikum, og spør hva du ville gjort først.

Denne smakebiten har minst én oppgave i hver av de stilene. Ta den i én økt uten notater, og les så forklaringen til hvert spørsmål, også de du fikk riktig. Behandle et galt svar som en ferdighet å drille framfor et faktum å pugge. Å bomme på en kontrolloppgave og en observasjonsoppgave peker mot den samme vanen, nemlig å lese i hele klumper i stedet for felt for felt.

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Femten spørsmål kan vise deg hvilke ferdigheter som er svake. De gjør deg ikke klar alene, og en generell spørsmålsbank kan ikke treffe en kunngjøring som navngir de nøyaktige fagområdene din myndighet vil teste.

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Du må ikke laste opp noe for å komme i gang. Har du ingen fil for hånden, oppgi et tema i stedet, for eksempel tallrekker eller kontroll av kontorarbeid, så skriver Bo en øvingsprøve fra det. Gratis å komme i gang.