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Liever eerst lezen? Hieronder staat elke vraag uit deze oefentoets. Antwoorden en uitleg blijven ingeklapt tot je ze opent.

1. 1. A 12 volt circuit feeds a single load that measures 3 ohms. How much current flows through the circuit?

   • A. 0.25 amps
   • B. 3 amps
   • C. 4 amps
   • D. 36 amps
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: C. 4 amps

   Ohm's law says current equals voltage divided by resistance, so 12 divided by 3 is 4 amps. Multiplying instead of dividing gives 36, and dividing the wrong way around gives 0.25, which are the two mistakes worth catching. Knowing the expected current also tells you whether a fuse rating and a wire size make sense for the circuit you are looking at.

2. 2. Both front tires show a feathered, sawtooth edge across the tread. Which alignment angle is the most likely cause?

   • A. Toe
   • B. Camber
   • C. Caster
   • D. Steering axis inclination
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: A. Toe

   Toe is the difference between the front and rear of the tires as seen from above. When it is off, the tire is dragged sideways a little with every revolution, and that scrubbing carves one side of each tread block down into a feathered edge. Camber wears one shoulder of the tire smoothly instead. Caster and steering axis inclination affect steering effort, straight line stability and return to center rather than tread wear.

3. 3. Complete the sentence.

   In the diagnostic trouble code P0301, the letter _____ tells you the code belongs to the powertrain, and the last two digits tell you _____.

   Opties voor invulveld 1: B, C, P, U

   Opties voor invulveld 2: which cylinder is misfiring, how many drive cycles have passed, how long the code has been stored, which scan tool read the code

   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: P, which cylinder is misfiring

   The first character sorts the code by system: B for body, C for chassis, P for powertrain and U for network communication. The digit right after it says whether the definition is generic or manufacturer specific, and the last two digits identify the specific fault. In the misfire family that number is the cylinder, so P0301 is a cylinder 1 misfire and P0300 is a random or multiple cylinder misfire with no single cylinder singled out.

4. 4. In an automotive air conditioning system, which component absorbs heat from the air going into the passenger compartment?

   • A. The condenser
   • B. The evaporator
   • C. The receiver drier
   • D. The compressor
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: B. The evaporator

   Refrigerant enters the evaporator as a cold low pressure liquid and boils into a vapor. Changing state takes a lot of heat, and that heat comes out of the air blowing across the evaporator fins, which is what cools the cabin. The condenser at the front of the vehicle does the opposite job and dumps that heat to outside air, the compressor raises pressure and moves the refrigerant, and the receiver drier stores refrigerant and traps moisture.

5. 5. What does a torque converter do that a simple fluid coupling cannot?

   • A. It shifts the transmission between gear ranges
   • B. It holds the vehicle stationary on a hill with no brake applied
   • C. It filters and cools the transmission fluid
   • D. It multiplies engine torque when the turbine is turning much slower than the impeller
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: D. It multiplies engine torque when the turbine is turning much slower than the impeller

   A plain fluid coupling only passes torque along. A torque converter adds a stator between the turbine and the impeller, and the stator redirects fluid coming off the turbine so it hits the impeller in a helpful direction. That extra push multiplies torque, and the effect is largest at stall, when the turbine is barely moving. As turbine speed catches up to impeller speed the multiplication fades toward one to one, and a lockup clutch then ties the two together mechanically to remove the last of the slip.

6. 6. How is a voltage drop test on a starter cable performed?

   • A. With the cable disconnected at both ends and an ohmmeter reading end to end
   • B. With the circuit operating and the meter connected across the cable, in parallel with it
   • C. With the meter wired in series with the cable while the engine cranks
   • D. With the battery disconnected and the meter set to the continuity position
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: B. With the circuit operating and the meter connected across the cable, in parallel with it

   Voltage drop measures resistance where it matters, under real load. You leave the cable connected, crank the engine so current is flowing, and put the meter leads on the two ends of the cable. A low reading means the cable is passing current freely and a high reading means something in that path is fighting it. An ohmmeter cannot substitute, because it pushes only a tiny test current and a corroded connection that reads near zero ohms can still drop several volts at two hundred amps.

7. 7. A vehicle with a manual transmission gains engine rpm when accelerating in high gear, but road speed barely changes. What is the most likely cause?

   • A. A slipping clutch disc
   • B. A clutch that is dragging and will not fully release
   • C. A worn synchronizer in fourth gear
   • D. A bent shift fork
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: A. A slipping clutch disc

   Slipping and dragging are opposite faults and they give opposite symptoms. Slipping means the disc cannot hold the torque being asked of it, so engine speed runs away from road speed, and it shows up first in the highest gear and under load because that is where torque demand at the disc is greatest. Dragging means the disc does not fully let go when the pedal is down, and that shows up as grinding going into gear or as the vehicle creeping in gear at a stop.

8. 8. A vehicle has a stored P0300 random misfire code. Which of the following are plausible causes worth checking?

   Selecteer alles wat van toepassing is.

   • A. A large vacuum leak downstream of the mass airflow sensor
   • B. A clogged cabin air filter
   • C. Worn spark plugs across several cylinders
   • D. Low fuel pressure from a weak fuel pump
   • E. A burned out license plate lamp
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: A. A large vacuum leak downstream of the mass airflow sensor, C. Worn spark plugs across several cylinders, D. Low fuel pressure from a weak fuel pump

   A random misfire points at something shared by all the cylinders rather than at one cylinder's parts. Unmetered air, tired plugs and low fuel pressure all lean out or weaken combustion everywhere at once, so all three belong on the check list. A cabin air filter only affects airflow to the passenger compartment and a lamp is a separate lighting circuit, so neither touches combustion. If the code had named one cylinder instead, the search would narrow to that cylinder's ignition, injector and compression.

9. 9. Which of the following are wheel alignment angles measured on an alignment rack?

   Selecteer alles wat van toepassing is.

   • A. Ring and pinion backlash
   • B. Camber
   • C. Wheel bearing preload
   • D. Caster
   • E. Toe
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: B. Camber, D. Caster, E. Toe

   Camber, caster and toe are the three primary alignment angles. Camber is the inward or outward tilt of the wheel seen from the front, caster is the forward or rearward tilt of the steering axis seen from the side, and toe is how much the wheels point in or out seen from above. Backlash and bearing preload are drivetrain and hub measurements. Of the three angles, toe is the one that destroys tires fastest, so it is checked and set last after camber and caster are correct.

10. 10. Coming down a long grade a driver uses the brakes continuously. The pedal still feels firm, but the vehicle slows far less than normal. What is happening?

    • A. The pedal linkage has stretched
    • B. The tires have lost air pressure
    • C. The parking brake has released itself
    • D. The friction material has overheated and lost friction
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: D. The friction material has overheated and lost friction

    A brake system works by turning the vehicle's motion into heat at the friction surfaces. Held on for long enough, those surfaces get hotter than the material was designed for and its coefficient of friction falls, so the same pedal effort produces less stopping. That is brake fade, and the pedal staying firm is the clue that it is a friction and heat problem rather than something in the hydraulic side. The fix on the road is to select a lower gear so the engine does most of the slowing and the brakes get a chance to cool.

11. 11. Complete the sentence.

    The three members of a simple planetary gearset are the sun gear, the ring gear and the _____, which holds the _____.

    Opties voor invulveld 1: carrier, synchronizer, stator, valve body

    Opties voor invulveld 2: clutch discs, band anchors, pinion gears, thrust washers

    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: carrier, pinion gears

    A planetary gearset gives several ratios from one set of gears because you can choose which member is driven, which is held still and which drives the output. Hold the ring gear and drive the sun gear and the carrier turns slowly, which is a reduction. Drive the carrier and take output from the ring gear and you get overdrive. Lock any two members together and the whole set turns as a unit, which is direct drive. The clutches and bands in the transmission are what make those choices.

12. 12. Which statements about a series circuit are correct?

    Selecteer alles wat van toepassing is.

    • A. Each branch sees the full source voltage
    • B. The current is the same at every point in the circuit
    • C. Total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances
    • D. The individual voltage drops add up to source voltage
    • E. If one component opens, the rest keep working
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: B. The current is the same at every point in the circuit, C. Total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances, D. The individual voltage drops add up to source voltage

    A series circuit gives current only one path, so the same current passes through every component, resistances add, and the voltage drops across them add back up to source voltage. Because there is one path, an open anywhere stops the whole circuit. The other two statements describe a parallel circuit, where each branch gets full voltage and the remaining branches keep working when one opens. Unwanted resistance in a series path is exactly what a voltage drop test finds.

13. 13. Complete the sentence.

    A worn clutch release bearing usually makes noise while the _____, and a worn _____ bearing makes noise with the pedal fully down, the transmission in gear and the vehicle stopped.

    Opties voor invulveld 1: clutch pedal is being pressed, vehicle coasts with the pedal up, engine idles in neutral with the pedal up, key is off

    Opties voor invulveld 2: wheel, pilot, camshaft, output shaft

    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: clutch pedal is being pressed, pilot

    Both noises are diagnosed by when they appear. The release bearing only gets loaded and spun against the pressure plate fingers when the pedal moves it forward, so it complains while the pedal is down and goes quiet when you lift your foot. The pilot bearing sits between the crankshaft and the input shaft and only turns when those two spin at different speeds, which is exactly the condition you create by holding the pedal down in gear at a standstill. Noticing which pedal position brings the noise saves pulling a transmission to find out.

14. 14. What is the job of the oxygen sensor mounted after the catalytic converter?

    • A. To set the base fuel injection amount
    • B. To measure exhaust backpressure
    • C. To monitor how well the converter is working
    • D. To switch the fuel pump relay on and off
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: C. To monitor how well the converter is working

    The upstream sensor swings rich and lean constantly and the engine computer uses those swings to trim fuel in closed loop. The downstream sensor should look much calmer, because a healthy converter stores and releases oxygen and smooths the changes out. When the downstream signal starts to mirror the upstream one, the computer decides the converter is no longer doing its job and sets an efficiency code. Note that misfires and a rich condition can kill a converter, so a converter code is often a symptom of something else rather than the whole story.

15. 15. In a four stroke engine, which is the correct order of the strokes?

    • A. Compression, intake, power, exhaust
    • B. Intake, compression, power, exhaust
    • C. Intake, power, compression, exhaust
    • D. Exhaust, intake, power, compression
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: B. Intake, compression, power, exhaust

    Intake draws the air and fuel charge in, compression squeezes it with both valves closed, the power stroke is the only one that drives the crankshaft, and exhaust pushes the burned gases out. The whole cycle takes two crankshaft revolutions, and since each valve opens once per cycle the camshaft turns at half crankshaft speed. That two to one relationship is why cam timing has to be set with the crank at a known position.

Hoe de ASE-toetsen voor personenauto's in elkaar zitten

ASE staat voor het National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence, een onafhankelijke Amerikaanse non-profit die monteurs certificeert. Er bestaat geen enkele ASE-toets. De personenautolijn is de A-serie, en elk gebied is een aparte toets waarvoor je je apart inschrijft en die je apart aflegt: A1 motorrevisie, A2 automatische transmissie en transaxle, A3 handgeschakelde aandrijflijn en assen, A4 ophanging en besturing, A5 remmen, A6 elektrische en elektronische systemen, A7 verwarming en airconditioning, en A8 motormanagement. Slaag je voor alle acht, dan heb je de status Master Automobile Technician.

Boven de A-serie staat L1, de toets Advanced Engine Performance Specialist. L1 is geen negende basisgebied. Hij gaat ervan uit dat je de stof van A8 al kent en vraagt je vervolgens geavanceerde rijgedrag- en emissiediagnose te doen, inclusief een samengesteld referentievoertuig dat de toets je aanreikt zodat iedereen vanuit hetzelfde systeem redeneert en niet vanuit het ene merk dat hij toevallig kent.

Twee dingen bepalen het proces verder. Certificering vraagt ook praktijkervaring, meestal twee jaar, en relevante scholing of opleiding kan een deel daarvan vervangen, dus je kunt slagen voor een toets voordat het certificaat wordt afgegeven, en het wordt afgegeven zodra de ervaring is vastgelegd. En certificering duurt niet eeuwig. Hij verloopt en je legt de toets opnieuw af om hem geldig te houden. Het aantal vragen, de tijdslimiet, het actuele tarief, de slaaggrens en de precieze regels voor ervaring en hercertificering komen allemaal van ASE, dus kijk op hun site of in je inschrijfmateriaal en niet op een pagina van een derde partij, deze inbegrepen.

Hoe je deze oefentoets gebruikt

Deze 15 vragen zijn over de A-serie verspreid in plaats van in een gebied geconcentreerd, want deze pagina is het startpunt. Gebruik je missers om te kiezen welke toets je als eerste aanpakt. Gingen de elektravragen slecht en de transmissievragen goed, dan weet je waar de komende maand studie hoort. Twee verwante oefensets hieronder gaan elk dieper op een gebied in, A1 motorrevisie en A5 remmen, dus maak die zodra je weet waar je staat.

De echte toetsen leunen op diagnose en niet op reproductie. Ze beschrijven een symptoom, geven je een meetwaarde of een klacht van een klant, en vragen waar dat op wijst of wat je vervolgens controleert. Veel items gebruiken ook de vorm waarin twee monteurs elk iets beweren, op de toets Technician A en Technician B, en jij bepaalt of geen van beiden, een van beiden of allebei gelijk heeft. Die vorm straft snel lezen af, want beide uitspraken kunnen op zichzelf waar zijn terwijl er maar een antwoord geeft op de gestelde vraag. De vragen hier zijn eenvoudig geformuleerd zodat je je op de inhoud kunt richten, maar oefen de formulering met Technician A en Technician B voor de examendag zodat hij je niet vertraagt.

Maak de toets in een keer zonder aantekeningen en lees daarna de uitleg bij elke vraag, ook bij de vragen die je goed had. Behandel een fout antwoord als een onderwerp en niet als een feit. Goed gokken en begrijpen zijn niet hetzelfde, en de toetsen zijn lang genoeg dat gelukkige gokken tegen elkaar wegvallen.

Zo bouwt StudyPDF volledige oefentoetsen uit je eigen materiaal

Vijftien vragen laten zien waar je wankel staat. Klaar maken ze je niet, en een algemene vragenbank sluit zelden aan op de nadruk van de studiegids of de cursus waar je echt mee bezig bent.

StudyPDF werkt in plaats daarvan vanuit jouw materiaal. Je uploadt je ASE-studiegids, de hand-outs van je bedrijfstraining of de werkplaatsdocumentatie die je hebt zitten lezen, en Bo, de studie-agent, bouwt uit precies die pagina's volledige oefentoetsen. Elke vraag is geworteld in jouw materiaal en elke uitleg noemt waar het antwoord vandaan komt, dus je bladert meteen naar de bron als iets niet klopt. Je kunt zo vaak als je wilt nieuwe toetsen maken, ze beperken tot een enkel gebied zoals A6 elektra of A8 motormanagement, en bijhouden welke begrippen je blijft missen.

Je hoeft niets te uploaden om te beginnen. Heb je geen bestand bij de hand, noem dan een onderwerp, bijvoorbeeld het meten van sluipverbruik of de werking van de koppelomvormer, en Bo schrijft daar een oefentoets over. Beginnen is gratis.