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1. 1. Which development most directly resulted from the Columbian Exchange in the 1500s?

   • A. The rapid growth of Native American populations in the Caribbean
   • B. The end of European demand for New World crops
   • C. The death of large numbers of Native Americans from diseases such as smallpox
   • D. The spread of horses and cattle from the Americas to Europe
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: C. The death of large numbers of Native Americans from diseases such as smallpox

   Europeans brought diseases such as smallpox and measles to which Native Americans had no immunity, and epidemics killed a large share of the population in many regions. The exchange ran in both directions, with crops like maize and potatoes going to Europe, but horses, cattle and pigs went from Europe to the Americas, not the other way around.

2. 2. Under the mercantilist system of the 1600s and 1700s, what role did Britain expect its North American colonies to play?

   • A. Trade freely with any nation that offered the best prices
   • B. Supply raw materials to Britain and buy British manufactured goods
   • C. Build up their own manufacturing to compete with British industry
   • D. Pay no taxes in exchange for military protection
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: B. Supply raw materials to Britain and buy British manufactured goods

   Mercantilism held that a nation grows rich by exporting more than it imports, and colonies existed to serve that goal. The Navigation Acts required many colonial goods to be shipped to Britain on British or colonial ships. Loose enforcement for much of the early 1700s, often called salutary neglect, is part of why tighter enforcement after 1763 caused such resentment.

3. 3. "It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world." George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796. Washington's advice was most directly a response to which context?

   • A. The rivalry between Spain and Portugal over South America
   • B. American plans to annex Canada
   • C. Pressure from Native American nations to sign defensive alliances
   • D. Conflict between Britain and revolutionary France and its divisive effect on American politics
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: D. Conflict between Britain and revolutionary France and its divisive effect on American politics

   By 1796 the wars that followed the French Revolution had split Americans, with Jeffersonian Republicans sympathetic to France and Federalists leaning toward Britain. Washington had already issued the Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793. His farewell warning against permanent alliances and party spirit shaped American foreign policy for more than a century.

4. 4. Which were weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

   Selecteer alles wat van toepassing is.

   • A. Congress could not levy taxes and had to request money from the states.
   • B. The president held too much power over Congress.
   • C. Congress had no power to regulate trade between the states.
   • D. Amending the Articles required the agreement of all thirteen states.
   • E. A national supreme court overruled state laws too often.
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: A. Congress could not levy taxes and had to request money from the states., C. Congress had no power to regulate trade between the states., D. Amending the Articles required the agreement of all thirteen states.

   The Articles created a deliberately weak central government with no executive and no national court system, so the two distractors describe problems it could not have had. Without the power to tax or regulate commerce, Congress could not pay its debts or settle trade disputes between states, and Shays' Rebellion in 1786 to 1787 convinced many leaders that a stronger constitution was needed.

5. 5. "The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers." President James Monroe, message to Congress, 1823. This statement most directly reflected which goal?

   • A. Limiting European influence in the Western Hemisphere as Latin American nations won independence
   • B. Forming a military alliance with Britain to defend Latin America
   • C. Expanding American colonies in Africa and Asia
   • D. Ending American trade with European nations
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: A. Limiting European influence in the Western Hemisphere as Latin American nations won independence

   Several Latin American colonies had just broken away from Spain, and the United States wanted to keep European powers from reclaiming them or founding new colonies. The United States had little power to enforce the doctrine in 1823. It became much more important later, for example with the Roosevelt Corollary of 1904.

6. 6. Complete the sentence.

   Completed in 1825, the _____ Canal linked the Great Lakes to the Hudson River and New York City, cutting shipping costs and speeding the market revolution.

   Opties voor invulveld 1: Chesapeake and Ohio, Erie, Panama, Suez

   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: Erie

   The Erie Canal made it far cheaper to ship farm goods from the Great Lakes region east and manufactured goods west, and it helped make New York City the country's leading port. Together with turnpikes, steamboats and later railroads, it tied the Northeast and the Old Northwest together economically, a link that mattered in the sectional politics of the 1850s.

7. 7. The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 increased sectional tension mainly because it

   • A. banned slavery in all western territories
   • B. admitted California as a free state
   • C. let settlers vote on slavery in territories north of the Missouri Compromise line
   • D. required Northern states to abolish their personal liberty laws
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: C. let settlers vote on slavery in territories north of the Missouri Compromise line

   By applying popular sovereignty to Kansas and Nebraska, the act effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise line, which had kept slavery out of that region since 1820. Settlers on both sides rushed into Kansas and violence followed. The anger it caused in the North helped found the Republican Party.

8. 8. Which constitutional amendments were ratified during Reconstruction?

   Selecteer alles wat van toepassing is.

   • A. The 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery
   • B. The 14th Amendment, defining citizenship and guaranteeing equal protection of the laws
   • C. The 19th Amendment, granting women the right to vote
   • D. The 15th Amendment, barring denial of the vote on account of race
   • E. The 16th Amendment, allowing a federal income tax
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: A. The 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery, B. The 14th Amendment, defining citizenship and guaranteeing equal protection of the laws, D. The 15th Amendment, barring denial of the vote on account of race

   The 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments were ratified between 1865 and 1870. The 16th and 19th came much later, in 1913 and 1920, during the Progressive Era. After Reconstruction ended in 1877, Southern states used poll taxes, literacy tests and violence to get around the 15th Amendment for decades.

9. 9. "The existence of an area of free land, its continuous recession, and the advance of American settlement westward, explain American development." Frederick Jackson Turner, 1893. Which statement best describes Turner's argument?

   • A. Westward expansion did little to shape American society.
   • B. The frontier experience shaped American democracy and individualism.
   • C. Industrial cities, not the frontier, defined the American character.
   • D. Native American nations played the central role in western development.
   Toon antwoord en uitleg

   Antwoord: B. The frontier experience shaped American democracy and individualism.

   Turner argued that the frontier made Americans self-reliant and democratic, and he presented his thesis just after the 1890 census suggested that the frontier was closed. This is a secondary source, an interpretation. Later historians criticized it for leaving out Native Americans, women and the role of the federal government, and that kind of comparison is exactly what source-based questions test.

10. 10. Complete the sentence.

    Passed in 1890, the _____ Act was the first federal law aimed at monopolies and trusts, although courts at first used it more often against labor unions than against big business.

    Opties voor invulveld 1: Dawes, Interstate Commerce, Pendleton, Sherman Antitrust

    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: Sherman Antitrust

    The Sherman Antitrust Act banned combinations in restraint of trade, but its vague wording left the courts to define it. The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 regulated railroads, the Pendleton Act of 1883 created a merit-based civil service, and the Dawes Act of 1887 broke up tribal land into individual allotments.

11. 11. Progressive reformers in the early 1900s most often sought to

    • A. return the economy to small-scale farming
    • B. end all immigration to the United States
    • C. reduce the role of government in the economy
    • D. use government to address problems created by industrialization and urban growth
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: D. use government to address problems created by industrialization and urban growth

    Progressives pushed for food and drug safety laws, limits on child labor, trust busting, and political reforms such as the direct election of senators. Many were middle-class and drew on the work of muckraking journalists. The movement had blind spots, and many Progressives supported segregation or immigration restriction, which is a frequent comparison point on the exam.

12. 12. Which of these were created during the New Deal of the 1930s?

    Selecteer alles wat van toepassing is.

    • A. Medicare
    • B. The Social Security Act
    • C. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
    • D. The Interstate Highway System
    • E. The Wagner Act, protecting workers' right to organize unions
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: B. The Social Security Act, C. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), E. The Wagner Act, protecting workers' right to organize unions

    The FDIC was created in 1933 to stop bank runs, and the Social Security Act and the Wagner Act both passed in 1935. Medicare came in 1965 as part of Lyndon Johnson's Great Society, and the Interstate Highway System was authorized in 1956 under Eisenhower. Mixing up the New Deal and the Great Society is a common multiple-choice trap.

13. 13. "I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." President Harry Truman, 1947. This statement was most directly a response to

    • A. fears that communism would spread to Greece and Turkey after World War II
    • B. the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
    • C. the end of the Korean War
    • D. the collapse of the Soviet Union
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: A. fears that communism would spread to Greece and Turkey after World War II

    Truman asked Congress for aid to Greece and Turkey, where he feared Soviet-backed pressure, and the Truman Doctrine became the basis of containment. The Marshall Plan, NATO and later the Korean War all followed from that policy. Pearl Harbor came before it, and the other two events came long after.

14. 14. Complete the sentence.

    In Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court ruled that segregated public schools were unconstitutional, rejecting the separate but equal doctrine of _____.

    Opties voor invulveld 1: Dred Scott v. Sandford, Marbury v. Madison, Plessy v. Ferguson, Roe v. Wade

    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: Plessy v. Ferguson

    Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 had upheld segregation as long as facilities were supposedly equal. Brown overturned that reasoning for public schools, but many Southern states resisted, which led to confrontations such as Little Rock in 1957 and kept the civil rights movement pressing for federal action.

15. 15. "In this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem." President Ronald Reagan, Inaugural Address, 1981. This statement best reflects which development?

    • A. Growing support for expanding Great Society programs
    • B. A demand for more federal regulation of business
    • C. The rise of a conservative movement that sought to cut taxes, regulation and the size of the federal government
    • D. A shift toward isolationism in foreign policy
    Toon antwoord en uitleg

    Antwoord: C. The rise of a conservative movement that sought to cut taxes, regulation and the size of the federal government

    Reagan won in 1980 amid inflation and high unemployment, backed by a coalition of fiscal conservatives, the religious right and voters disillusioned with liberal programs. He cut taxes and pursued deregulation, while defense spending rose and his foreign policy was anything but isolationist. Period 9 is only 4 to 6 percent of the exam, but this shift is a common reference point.

Hoe het APUSH-examen er in 2027 uitziet

Het examen AP U.S. History van mei 2027 is volledig digitaal en wordt afgenomen in de app Bluebook. Section I begint met 55 meerkeuzevragen in 55 minuten, goed voor 40 procent van de score, gevolgd door 3 short-answer-vragen in 40 minuten, goed voor 20 procent. Section II bestaat uit één document-based question met 7 documenten, waarvoor 1 uur wordt aangeraden inclusief 15 minuten leestijd, goed voor 25 procent, en één long essay waarvoor 40 minuten wordt aangeraden, goed voor 15 procent.

Het College Board heeft de short-answer-vragen en het long essay veranderd vanaf het examen van mei 2027. Je beantwoordt nu alle 3 short-answer-vragen, elk gebaseerd op een bron en elk uit een andere periode, en er is één verplicht long essay in plaats van een keuze tussen opdrachten. De inhoud van het vak is niet veranderd. Gebruik je oudere herhalingsboeken of oefenexamens, dan klopt het advies over de meerkeuzevragen en de DBQ nog steeds, maar de vorm van de open vragen die ze beschrijven kan verouderd zijn, dus kijk op de examenpagina op AP Central.

De meerkeuzevragen komen in sets van 3 of 4, en elke set is gebouwd op een bron: een document, de interpretatie van een historicus, een kaart, een grafiek of een afbeelding. Daarom is jaartallen stampen niet genoeg. Je moet een kort fragment lezen, het in zijn periode plaatsen en het koppelen aan een oorzaak, een gevolg of een vergelijking.

De negen periodes en hoe je deze oefentoets gebruikt

Het vak is verdeeld in negen periodes, en die wegen niet even zwaar. Periode 1 (1491 tot 1607) is 4 tot 6 procent van het examen en periode 2 (1607 tot 1754) is 6 tot 8 procent. Periodes 3 tot en met 8, van 1754 tot 1980, zijn elk 10 tot 17 procent, en periode 9 (1980 tot nu) zit weer op 4 tot 6 procent. Simpel gezegd: de tijd van de Revolutie tot het einde van de jaren 70 is het grootste deel van het examen, dus die verdient ook het grootste deel van je studietijd.

Deze oefentoets volgt die weging, met de meeste vragen in periodes 3 tot 8. Vijf van de 15 beginnen met een bron. Lees daar eerst de bron en stel jezelf drie vragen voordat je naar de antwoorden kijkt: wanneer is dit geschreven, door wie en voor wie, en wat gebeurde er in die tijd. Het goede antwoord is meestal de optie die bij de context past, niet de optie die een woord uit het fragment herhaalt.

Maak hem in één keer en lees daarna elke uitleg, ook bij de vragen die je goed had. Een fout antwoord wijst je op een periode, niet alleen op een feit. Mis je de vragen over de Monroe Doctrine en de Truman Doctrine, dan is het onderwerp om te herhalen de Amerikaanse buitenlandse politiek door de tijd heen, en dat is ook een veelvoorkomend thema voor het long essay.

Zo bouwt StudyPDF APUSH-oefentoetsen uit je lesaantekeningen

Vijftien vragen kunnen laten zien welke periodes nog wankel zijn. Klaar voor het examen maken ze je niet, en een algemene vragenbank sluit zelden aan op waar je docent drie weken aan besteedde.

StudyPDF werkt in plaats daarvan met jouw materiaal. Upload hoofdstukken uit je studieboek, de slides van je docent, je herhalingspakket of foto's van je aantekeningen, tik op Nieuw materiaal, en StudyPDF bouwt oefentoetsen uit precies die pagina's. Elke vraag is geworteld in jouw materiaal en elke uitleg noemt waar het antwoord vandaan komt, dus je gaat meteen terug naar de bladzijde.

Je hoeft niets te uploaden om te beginnen. Noem gewoon een onderwerp, bijvoorbeeld periode 5 of de Progressive Era, en Bo zet het klaar met de kernbegrippen, zodat je er quizzen en flashcards op kunt bouwen. Je resultaten houden bij welke begrippen je blijft missen, zodat de volgende oefentoets daarop kan mikken. Beginnen is gratis, en het gratis abonnement dekt ongeveer vier materialen per week.