NCLEX-øvespørgsmål

Alle 15 spørgsmål i overblik

Vil du hellere læse, før du går i gang? Alle spørgsmål i smagsprøven står herunder. Svar og forklaringer er foldet sammen, indtil du åbner dem.

1. 1. A nurse receives report on four clients at the start of the shift. Which client should the nurse assess first?

   • A. A client with a fractured femur who rates pain as 7 out of 10
   • B. A client with asthma who has new audible wheezing and is using neck muscles to breathe
   • C. A client being discharged today who has questions about a new medication
   • D. A client one day after surgery with a temperature of 100.8 degrees F
   Vis svar og forklaring

   Svar: B. A client with asthma who has new audible wheezing and is using neck muscles to breathe

   Airway and breathing come before everything else, and accessory muscle use with new wheezing signals worsening airflow that can deteriorate quickly. Pain, discharge teaching and a low-grade fever on the first postoperative day all need attention, but none of them threatens the airway in the next few minutes.

2. 2. Which task is appropriate for the nurse to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

   • A. Teaching a newly diagnosed client how to use an insulin pen
   • B. Assessing a surgical wound for signs of infection
   • C. Helping a stable client with a bed bath and recording intake and output
   • D. Writing the plan of care for a client admitted with heart failure
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   Svar: C. Helping a stable client with a bed bath and recording intake and output

   The delegation rule is that assessment, teaching, evaluation and care planning stay with the nurse and cannot be handed off. UAP take routine tasks with predictable outcomes for stable clients, such as hygiene, positioning and recording intake and output.

3. 3. A client is admitted with suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which precautions should the nurse put in place?

   • A. Standard precautions in any available room
   • B. Contact precautions with gown and gloves in a private room
   • C. Droplet precautions with a surgical mask in a private room
   • D. Airborne precautions in a negative pressure room, with a fitted N95 respirator for anyone entering
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   Svar: D. Airborne precautions in a negative pressure room, with a fitted N95 respirator for anyone entering

   Tuberculosis spreads by droplet nuclei small enough to stay suspended in the air, so it requires airborne precautions: an airborne infection isolation room kept at negative pressure plus a fitted N95 respirator for staff. The surgical mask goes on the client, not on the nurse, and only when the client has to leave the room.

4. 4. A client with heart failure is receiving intravenous furosemide. Which findings require immediate follow-up? Select all that apply.

   Vælg alle, der passer.

   • A. Serum potassium 2.9 mEq/L
   • B. Urine output of 60 mL per hour
   • C. New muscle weakness with an irregular pulse
   • D. Weight loss of 1 kg since yesterday
   • E. The client reports new ringing in the ears
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   Svar: A. Serum potassium 2.9 mEq/L, C. New muscle weakness with an irregular pulse, E. The client reports new ringing in the ears

   Furosemide wastes potassium, so a level of 2.9 mEq/L sits below the usual 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L range, and new weakness with an irregular pulse suggests hypokalemia is already affecting the heart. New tinnitus points to ototoxicity, while good urine output and steady weight loss are exactly the response the drug is given to produce.

5. 5. A client who was just diagnosed with cancer says, "I do not see the point in starting treatment." Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

   • A. You should not give up. Many people do very well with treatment.
   • B. Tell me more about what you are thinking.
   • C. Your family would really want you to try.
   • D. I will ask the provider to come and explain your options.
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   Svar: B. Tell me more about what you are thinking.

   An open-ended invitation keeps the conversation open and lets the nurse assess what sits behind the statement, including hopelessness or thoughts of self-harm. False reassurance, appeals to guilt and handing the conversation to someone else all shut the client down before anything is assessed.

6. 6. Complete the sentence.

   A client receiving intravenous morphine has a respiratory rate of 7 breaths per minute and is difficult to arouse. The nurse stops the infusion and anticipates giving _____.

   Muligheder for felt 1: flumazenil, naloxone, protamine sulfate, vitamin K

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   Svar: naloxone

   Naloxone is the opioid antagonist that reverses respiratory depression, and under the ABCs breathing is treated before anything else on the list. Flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines, protamine sulfate reverses heparin and vitamin K reverses warfarin.

7. 7. Which nursing actions reduce an older adult client's risk of falling in the hospital? Select all that apply.

   Vælg alle, der passer.

   • A. Keep the bed in the lowest position with the wheels locked
   • B. Place the call light and personal items within the client's reach
   • C. Apply a vest restraint at night so the client stays in bed
   • D. Make sure the client wears nonskid footwear when walking
   • E. Turn off all lighting at night so the room stays completely dark
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   Svar: A. Keep the bed in the lowest position with the wheels locked, B. Place the call light and personal items within the client's reach, D. Make sure the client wears nonskid footwear when walking

   A low locked bed, items within reach and nonskid footwear are standard fall precautions because they remove the reasons a client climbs out unassisted. Restraints are a last resort and raise the risk of injury rather than lowering it, and a fully dark room makes an unassisted trip to the bathroom more dangerous, so a night light is the safer choice.

8. 8. A nurse teaches a postmenopausal client about lowering the risk of osteoporosis. Which statement shows the teaching was effective?

   • A. I will add walking or other weight-bearing exercise on most days of the week.
   • B. I should cut dairy out of my diet.
   • C. Swimming laps is the best exercise for my bones.
   • D. I only need to worry about calcium after I break a bone.
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   Svar: A. I will add walking or other weight-bearing exercise on most days of the week.

   Bone rebuilds in response to load, so weight-bearing exercise such as walking, together with adequate calcium and vitamin D, is the core of prevention. Swimming is good for the heart but does not load the skeleton, and dairy is a useful calcium source rather than something to avoid.

9. 9. A client has a chest tube connected to a water seal drainage system. Which finding requires immediate follow-up?

   • A. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber
   • B. Fluid in the water seal chamber that rises and falls with breathing
   • C. 50 mL of serosanguineous drainage over the past 8 hours
   • D. A dressing around the insertion site that is dry and intact
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   Svar: A. Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber

   Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber means air is entering the system, so the nurse checks the tubing connections and the insertion site right away. Tidaling with respiration, modest serosanguineous drainage and a dry intact dressing are all expected findings.

10. 10. A client is going home on warfarin. Which client statements show that the teaching was effective? Select all that apply.

    Vælg alle, der passer.

    • A. I will keep the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat about the same each week.
    • B. I will use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor.
    • C. I will take ibuprofen whenever I get a headache.
    • D. I will call the clinic if my stools look black or tarry.
    • E. I can stop taking it once my INR reaches the target range.
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: A. I will keep the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat about the same each week., B. I will use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor., D. I will call the clinic if my stools look black or tarry.

    Warfarin blocks vitamin K dependent clotting factors, so a steady weekly vitamin K intake keeps the INR stable, gentle grooming limits bleeding, and black tarry stools are reported because they suggest gastrointestinal bleeding. Ibuprofen adds to the bleeding risk, and the drug is never stopped just because the INR has reached target.

11. 11. Complete the sentence.

    Before giving digoxin to an adult client, the nurse counts the apical pulse for one full minute and holds the dose if the rate is below _____ beats per minute.

    Muligheder for felt 1: 50, 60, 70, 80

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    Svar: 60

    The standard rule is to hold digoxin and notify the prescriber when an adult's apical pulse is under 60, because the drug already slows conduction through the heart. Nausea, vomiting and visual changes such as yellow or green halos suggest toxicity, and a low potassium level makes toxicity more likely.

12. 12. A client returns to the unit after a bronchoscopy with moderate sedation. Which action must the nurse take before giving the client anything to drink?

    • A. Check the client's temperature
    • B. Confirm that the gag reflex has returned
    • C. Listen for bowel sounds in all four quadrants
    • D. Have the client sit up for 30 minutes
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    Svar: B. Confirm that the gag reflex has returned

    The throat is anesthetized for a bronchoscopy, so fluids can pass into the airway until sensation comes back. The client stays NPO until the nurse confirms the gag reflex, which is airway protection taking priority over comfort.

13. 13. A client is having a panic attack and is pacing, breathing rapidly and unable to follow directions. Which action should the nurse take first?

    • A. Explore what may have triggered the attack
    • B. Stay with the client and speak calmly in short, simple sentences
    • C. Leave the client alone in a quiet room until the anxiety passes
    • D. Give detailed instructions on diaphragmatic breathing technique
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    Svar: B. Stay with the client and speak calmly in short, simple sentences

    At panic level anxiety the ability to take in information collapses, so the nurse stays present, lowers stimulation and gives short direct sentences. Exploring triggers and teaching breathing techniques only work once the anxiety has come down, and leaving the client alone is unsafe.

14. 14. A charge nurse is making assignments on a medical unit. Which clients are appropriate to assign to a licensed practical nurse (LPN/LVN)? Select all that apply.

    Vælg alle, der passer.

    • A. A stable client with a healing surgical wound who needs a routine dressing change
    • B. A newly admitted client who needs the initial admission assessment
    • C. A client with pneumonia on oral antibiotics who needs vital signs monitored
    • D. A client whose first unit of packed red blood cells needs to be started
    • E. A client with a long-term indwelling urinary catheter who needs routine catheter care
    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: A. A stable client with a healing surgical wound who needs a routine dressing change, C. A client with pneumonia on oral antibiotics who needs vital signs monitored, E. A client with a long-term indwelling urinary catheter who needs routine catheter care

    LPNs care for stable clients with predictable outcomes, which covers routine dressing changes, ongoing monitoring and routine catheter care. The initial admission assessment and starting a blood transfusion stay with the RN, since both require nursing judgment on a client whose status is not yet established.

15. 15. Complete the sentence.

    To lower the risk of aspiration, the nurse feeds a client who has dysphagia after a stroke while the client is _____.

    Muligheder for felt 1: lying flat on the back, sitting fully upright at 90 degrees, side-lying with the head of the bed flat, in a semi-prone position

    Vis svar og forklaring

    Svar: sitting fully upright at 90 degrees

    Sitting fully upright with a slight chin tuck lets gravity carry food toward the esophagus rather than the airway, and the client stays upright for about 30 minutes after eating. Any reclined position raises the aspiration risk, and aspiration is an airway problem, which makes positioning a top priority rather than a comfort measure.

Hvad NCLEX-RN faktisk er

NCLEX-RN er den autorisationsprøve, du tager efter sygeplejestudiet, og det er den, der gør en sygeplejeuddannelse til en RN-autorisation. Den er skrevet af National Council of State Boards of Nursing og afvikles i testcentre. I modsætning til en afsluttende prøve i et fag er den ikke bygget til at tjekke, om du har lært en lærebog udenad. Den tjekker, om du kan arbejde sikkert på din første dag, og derfor spørger så mange spørgsmål om, hvad du ville gøre først, frem for hvad noget hedder.

Prøven er computeradaptiv. Hvert svar ændrer det, der kommer efter: svarer du rigtigt, bliver det næste spørgsmål sværere, rammer du forkert, bliver det lettere, så prøven indkredser dit niveau. Det har to praktiske konsekvenser. Du kan ikke springe et spørgsmål over eller gå tilbage og ændre et svar, og to kandidater, der sidder ved siden af hinanden, ser næsten aldrig den samme prøve. Antallet af spørgsmål varierer også. Alle svarer på mindst et minimumsantal, prøven kan gå op til et maksimum, og den stopper, så snart den med sikkerhed kan afgøre, om du ligger over eller under beståelsesgrænsen, eller når tidsgrænsen er nået. Nogle spørgsmål er uscorede testspørgsmål, som du ikke kan genkende. Det aktuelle minimum, maksimum og tidsgrænsen fastsættes af NCSBN og har ændret sig gennem årene, så slå den udgave op i kandidatbulletinen, der gælder når du tager prøven. Resultatet er bestået eller ikke bestået, ikke en score.

Next Generation NCLEX lagde case-studier og flere nye spørgsmålstyper oven på den klassiske multiple choice. En case-studie giver dig et patientforløb, der folder sig ud med nye data på hvert trin, og spørgsmålstyperne omfatter extended multiple response, matrix- og gridspørgsmål, drop-down cloze, highlight, bowtie og trend. Mange af dem giver delvise point i stedet for alt eller intet. Formålet med omlægningen var klinisk dømmekraft: at genkende tegn, analysere dem, sætte en prioritet, handle og så vurdere resultatet.

Sådan bruger du smagsprøven

De 15 spørgsmål herunder er alle fire kategorier af patientbehov i miniature: delegering, prioritering og infektionshygiejne fra sikkert og effektivt plejemiljø, ét spørgsmål om sundhedsfremme, ét psykosocialt spørgsmål og resten fra fysiologisk integritet, herunder grundlæggende pleje og komfort, farmakologisk behandling, risikoreduktion og fysiologisk tilpasning. Det er anvendelsesspørgsmål, så det er sjældent nok at kunne definitionen. Denne smagsprøve er ikke adaptiv, og den scores ikke som den rigtige prøve, så brug den som en diagnose frem for som en forudsigelse.

Prioriteringsspørgsmål fortjener deres egen metode, for det er dem, der føles uretfærdige. Når et spørgsmål spørger, hvilken patient sygeplejersken skal tilse først, eller hvilket fund der kræver øjeblikkelig opfølgning, så gå ud fra at hver mulighed beskriver et rigtigt problem. Du leder ikke efter det eneste, der betyder noget, du leder efter det, der skader nogen først. Kør ABC først: luftvej, så vejrtrækning, så kredsløb. Er intet et ABC-problem, så spørg hvilket fund der er nyt, uventet eller ustabilt, for et forventet fund ved den diagnose kan vente. Maslow afgør resten, med fysiske behov før sikkerhed og sikkerhed før psykosociale behov. Delegeringsspørgsmål kører på kompetenceområde og ikke på hvor travlt nogen har: vurdering, undervisning, evaluering og enhver ustabil patient bliver hos RN'en, en LPN tager stabile patienter med forudsigelige forløb, og ufaglærte plejemedhjælpere tager rutineopgaver som hygiejne, lejring og registrering af væskeindtag og udskillelse.

Tag alle 15 i ét stræk uden noter, og læs så hver eneste forklaring, også dem du svarede rigtigt på. Et forkert svar peger som regel på en kategori frem for på ét faktum. To missede farmakologispørgsmål betyder, at hullet er overvågning af medicin, ikke de to lægemidler.

Sådan bygger StudyPDF fulde øveprøver ud fra dit eget materiale

Femten spørgsmål kan vise dig, hvor du vakler. De kan ikke gøre dig klar til en autorisationsprøve, og generiske spørgsmålsbanker driver væk fra det stof, netop din uddannelse lagde vægt på.

StudyPDF arbejder ud fra det, du allerede har. Upload din NCLEX-repetitionsbog, dine forelæsningsslides, plejeplaner eller noter fra timerne, så bygger Bo, studieagenten, fulde øveprøver ud fra præcis det materiale. Hvert spørgsmål bygger på dine sider, og hver forklaring henviser til hvor svaret kommer fra, så du kan slå direkte op i kilden når ræsonnementet ikke lander. Du kan lave nye prøver så tit du vil, holde dem på ét område som farmakologi eller barsel og nyfødte, og følge med i hvilke begreber du bliver ved med at ramme forkert på tværs af forsøg. Gratis at komme i gang.