EMT-øveprøve
Testens spørgsmål er på engelsk.
Det her er en gratis smagsprøve på 15 spørgsmål, der dækker den grundviden, et EMT-Basic-kursus underviser i. Den kommer omkring patientvurdering, luftvejshjælpemidler, ventilation, normalværdier for vitale værdier efter alder, blødningskontrol og skinnelægning samt de almindelige medicinske og obstetriske akutte tilfælde, og den blander multiple choice, vælg alle der passer og udfyld det tomme felt. Svar på alle 15 spørgsmål, se så din score og læs forklaringen til hvert spørgsmål.
You have finished the scene size-up on a medical call. What comes next?
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Alle 15 spørgsmål i overblik
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1. You have finished the scene size-up on a medical call. What comes next?
- A. A full set of baseline vital signs
- B. The primary assessment, checking responsiveness, airway, breathing and circulation
- C. A SAMPLE history from the patient
- D. A detailed head to toe physical exam
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. The primary assessment, checking responsiveness, airway, breathing and circulation
The primary assessment exists to find and treat immediate threats to life, so it comes before any history taking or detailed exam. Vital signs, SAMPLE history and the secondary assessment all belong to the next phase, and they wait until the airway, breathing and circulation problems you found have been managed.
2. Complete the sentence.
An oropharyngeal airway is the correct size when it measures from the corner of the patient's mouth to _____.
Muligheder for felt 1: the tip of the nose, the angle of the jaw, the thyroid cartilage, the top of the shoulder
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Svar: the angle of the jaw
An OPA is measured from the corner of the mouth to the angle of the jaw, or from the center of the mouth to the earlobe, which gives the same length. One that is too long can push the epiglottis over the opening of the trachea, and one that is too short just presses the tongue further back into the pharynx.
3. Which finding is a reason to avoid inserting a nasopharyngeal airway?
- A. The patient still has an intact gag reflex
- B. Clear fluid draining from the nose after a head injury
- C. The patient is snoring with each breath
- D. The patient is unresponsive but breathing on their own
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. Clear fluid draining from the nose after a head injury
Clear fluid from the nose or ears after head trauma suggests a basilar skull fracture, and a nasal airway inserted through that fracture can enter the cranial vault, so severe head or midface trauma is a contraindication. An intact gag reflex is the opposite of a problem here: it rules out an OPA but is exactly why the NPA is chosen, since most patients tolerate it.
4. Complete the sentence.
When ventilating an adult who is not breathing but still has a pulse, deliver one breath every _____ seconds.
Muligheder for felt 1: 2, 4, 6, 10
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: 6
One breath every 6 seconds works out to 10 breaths per minute, which is the current rate for rescue ventilation of an adult with a pulse. Each breath is given over about one second and only until the chest visibly rises, because faster or larger breaths push air into the stomach and raise the risk of vomiting.
5. The AED delivers a shock to an adult in cardiac arrest. What should you do immediately after the shock?
- A. Check for a carotid pulse for up to 10 seconds
- B. Resume chest compressions right away and continue for about two minutes
- C. Let the AED analyze the rhythm again
- D. Give two rescue breaths before touching the chest
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. Resume chest compressions right away and continue for about two minutes
Compressions restart immediately after a shock, because a heart that has just been defibrillated rarely produces a pulse straight away and every pause lets coronary perfusion fall. You run about two minutes of CPR before letting the AED analyze again, and you pause for a rhythm or pulse check only when the device tells you to.
6. Which of these resting vital signs are within the normal range for the age given?
Vælg alle, der passer.
- A. An adult with a respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute
- B. A 6-month-old infant with a heart rate of 130 beats per minute
- C. A 5-year-old with a respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute
- D. An adult with a heart rate of 42 beats per minute
- E. A newborn with a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: A. An adult with a respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute, B. A 6-month-old infant with a heart rate of 130 beats per minute, C. A 5-year-old with a respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute
Normal resting ranges tighten and slow as a patient gets older: an infant runs roughly 100 to 160 beats per minute, a preschool child breathes about 20 to 28 times per minute, and a healthy adult sits at 60 to 100 beats and 12 to 20 breaths per minute. That is why an adult heart rate of 42 and a newborn respiratory rate of 10 are both red flags, since a newborn normally breathes around 30 to 60 times per minute.
7. Which of the following belong to correct splinting of a suspected forearm fracture?
Vælg alle, der passer.
- A. Check pulse, motor function and sensation before and after applying the splint
- B. Immobilize the joint above and the joint below the injury site
- C. Cover any open wound with a sterile dressing before the splint goes on
- D. Force the limb straight even if you meet resistance or the patient screams
- E. Loosen and lift the splint every few minutes to look at the deformity
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Svar: A. Check pulse, motor function and sensation before and after applying the splint, B. Immobilize the joint above and the joint below the injury site, C. Cover any open wound with a sterile dressing before the splint goes on
A splint is only as good as the circulation it leaves behind, so distal pulse, motor function and sensation are documented before and after, and the splint must cross the joints on both sides of the break to stop movement. Forcing an angulated limb straight against resistance can drive bone ends into vessels or nerves, and repeatedly disturbing a finished splint just restarts the bleeding and the pain.
8. Bright red blood is spurting from a laceration on a patient's forearm. What should you do first?
- A. Apply a tourniquet above the elbow
- B. Apply firm direct pressure over the wound with a sterile dressing
- C. Elevate the arm above the level of the heart
- D. Apply a cold pack to slow the bleeding
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. Apply firm direct pressure over the wound with a sterile dressing
Direct pressure controls the large majority of external bleeding and is always the first step, held firmly and without lifting the dressing to peek. If direct pressure fails to control life-threatening bleeding from a limb, move straight to a tourniquet placed a few inches above the wound and never over a joint, tighten it until the bleeding stops, and write down the time it went on.
9. The Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale checks which three findings?
Vælg alle, der passer.
- A. Facial droop when the patient smiles or shows their teeth
- B. Arm drift when both arms are held out with the eyes closed
- C. Abnormal speech when the patient repeats a simple sentence
- D. A difference in pupil size between the two eyes
- E. Grip strength measured against your own hands
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Svar: A. Facial droop when the patient smiles or shows their teeth, B. Arm drift when both arms are held out with the eyes closed, C. Abnormal speech when the patient repeats a simple sentence
The Cincinnati scale is deliberately short: facial droop, arm drift and abnormal speech, with any single abnormal finding making a stroke likely enough to act on. Pupils and grip are part of a broader neurologic exam but are not in this scale, and the number that matters most to the hospital is the time the patient was last known to be well.
10. A known diabetic is awake, confused and sweaty, and can follow simple commands and swallow. What is the appropriate EMT action?
- A. Give oral glucose and reassess the mental status
- B. Give nothing by mouth and wait for the hospital
- C. Give an epinephrine auto-injector
- D. Have the patient drink a large glass of water
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: A. Give oral glucose and reassess the mental status
Oral glucose is indicated for suspected hypoglycemia in a patient who is awake enough to swallow and protect their own airway, which this patient is. The moment a patient becomes too drowsy to swallow safely, nothing goes in the mouth, because the sugar gel will end up in the lungs instead of the stomach.
11. Where is an epinephrine auto-injector given to a patient in anaphylaxis?
- A. Into the upper outer arm
- B. Into the mid outer thigh
- C. Into the abdomen beside the navel
- D. Under the tongue
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. Into the mid outer thigh
The auto-injector goes into the outer aspect of the middle third of the thigh, held in place for the time the manufacturer specifies, and it can be given through clothing if needed. The thigh muscle is large and well perfused, which gets the drug working faster than the arm, and the usual adult dose is 0.3 mg with 0.15 mg for a small child.
12. Complete the sentence.
For an adult with suspected cardiac chest pain and no contraindications, most protocols have the EMT give _____ milligrams of chewable aspirin.
Muligheder for felt 1: 81, 160 to 325, 500, 650
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Svar: 160 to 325
The usual dose is 160 to 325 mg, most often given as four 81 mg chewable tablets, which comes to 324 mg. Chewing rather than swallowing speeds absorption, and the aspirin is withheld if the patient is allergic to it or has signs of active bleeding.
13. A patient is having a generalized seizure on the floor. What should the EMT do during the seizure?
- A. Hold the arms and legs still until the shaking stops
- B. Move nearby objects away, protect the head, and note how long it lasts
- C. Place a bite block between the teeth to protect the tongue
- D. Sit the patient up and offer sips of water
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. Move nearby objects away, protect the head, and note how long it lasts
During a seizure you protect the patient from injury and observe, so clear the space, cushion the head and time what you see, because the duration and the description are what the hospital needs. Restraining the limbs can cause fractures, and forcing anything between the teeth breaks teeth and risks the airway, so nothing goes in the mouth.
14. During delivery you see the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina ahead of the baby. What should you do?
- A. Push the cord gently back into the birth canal
- B. Relieve pressure on the cord with a gloved hand, position the mother with her hips elevated, and transport immediately
- C. Have the mother sit upright and push harder
- D. Clamp and cut the cord before the baby delivers
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. Relieve pressure on the cord with a gloved hand, position the mother with her hips elevated, and transport immediately
A prolapsed cord is a true emergency because the baby's head compresses the cord and cuts off its own oxygen supply. Insert a gloved hand to lift the presenting part off the cord and keep it there, put the mother knee to chest or with her hips raised, keep the exposed cord moist and covered, give high concentration oxygen and transport without delay. The cord is never pushed back in and never clamped while it is the baby's only blood supply.
15. Which of these is within the EMT scope of practice under most state protocols?
- A. Starting an IV line and giving 50 percent dextrose
- B. Helping a patient take their own prescribed nitroglycerin
- C. Pushing intravenous morphine for pain
- D. Performing endotracheal intubation
Vis svar og forklaring
Svar: B. Helping a patient take their own prescribed nitroglycerin
Assisting a patient with a medication that has already been prescribed to them, such as nitroglycerin or a metered dose inhaler, is a standard EMT skill, usually after checking the patient's blood pressure and confirming the drug, dose and expiration date. Intravenous medication and endotracheal intubation belong to advanced levels, and because scope is set by your state and your medical director, the exact list you may use is the one in your own protocols.
Hvad et EMT-Basic-kursus faktisk dækker
Et EMT-kursus er bygget op om et lille antal emneblokke, der vender tilbage i hver eneste delprøve: luftvej, vejrtrækning og ventilation; patientvurdering; medicinske akutte tilfælde; traumer; obstetrik, spædbørn og børn; og EMS-drift. Kursuslængden varierer, men de fleste uddannelser ligger et sted mellem 120 og 200 timers undervisning, laboratorie- og klinisk tid, og de fleste slutter med både en skriftlig prøve og en praktisk færdighedsbedømmelse.
Patientvurdering er rygraden, der holder resten sammen. Først vurderer du skadestedet, så kommer den primære vurdering for umiddelbare trusler mod luftvej, vejrtrækning og kredsløb, så anamnese og den sekundære vurdering, og så revurdering på vej ind. Næsten alle scenariespørgsmål, du nogensinde vil se, spørger reelt, om du kan placere et fund i den rækkefølge og handle på det farligste først.
Én blok varierer reelt: dit virksomhedsområde. Hvilke lægemidler du må give eller hjælpe en patient med at tage, hvilket luftvejsudstyr du må bruge, og den præcise ordlyd på dine færdighedsark fastsættes af dit delstats-EMS-kontor og din lægelige leder, ikke af ét nationalt regelsæt. Under de fleste protokoller må en EMT give oral glukose, aspirin og en adrenalinautoinjektor og må hjælpe en patient med at tage sin egen ordinerede nitroglycerin eller dosisinhalator, og mange steder er naloxon lagt til. Behandl enhver liste du læser online, også denne, som et udgangspunkt, og tjek dine egne protokoller for den udgave, der binder dig.
Sådan bruger du smagsprøven
De 15 spørgsmål tester kursusviden: tal, regler for størrelsesvalg, rækkefølger og kontraindikationer. De er bevidst ikke skrevet som lange scenarier i registerstil. Vil du have den scenariebaserede udgave, så tag NREMT-smagsprøven, der er linket til herunder, og brug denne side til de underliggende fakta, som de scenarier går ud fra at du allerede kender.
Tag den i ét stræk uden noter, og læs så forklaringen til hvert spørgsmål, også dem du svarede rigtigt på. Et forkert svar peger som regel på en blok frem for på ét enkelt faktum. Hvis du missede spørgsmålet om størrelsesvalg til luftvej og spørgsmålet om ventilationsfrekvens, så repeter hele blokken om luftvej og ventilation i stedet for at lære de to tal udenad.
Færdigheder kræver en anden slags træning. At læse om tætningen på en bag valve mask eller om en tourniquet får dig ikke gennem en psykomotorisk station. Vælg én færdighed, sig trinnene højt i rækkefølge mod din uddannelses færdighedsark, lad en makker krydse dem af, og gør det så igen, mens nogen tager tid. De trin, der oftest bliver glemt, er de rutinemæssige: scenesikkerhed, beskyttelse mod smitte, kontrol af puls, motorik og følesans igen efter en skinne, og at sige højt at du ville revurdere patienten.
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Femten spørgsmål kan vise dig, hvilken blok der vakler. De kan ikke gøre dig klar alene, og en generisk spørgsmålsbank aner ikke, hvilke kapitler din underviser lagde vægt på, eller hvilke protokoller din delstat bruger.
StudyPDF arbejder ud fra dit materiale i stedet. Du uploader din EMT-lærebog, dine forelæsningsslides, udleverede materialer fra timerne eller din tjenestes protokoldokument, og Bo, studieagenten, bygger fulde øveprøver ud fra præcis de sider. Hvert spørgsmål bygger på dit materiale, og hver forklaring henviser til hvor svaret kommer fra, så du kan tjekke kilden når et svar ser forkert ud. Du kan lave nye prøver så tit du vil og holde dem på ét område som luftvej, hjerte eller traumer.
Du behøver ikke uploade noget for at komme i gang. Du kan bare nævne et emne, for eksempel vitale værdier hos børn eller iltudstyr, så bygger Bo en øveprøve om det og holder derefter styr på, hvilke begreber du bliver ved med at ramme forkert. Gratis at komme i gang.
Skrevet af StudyPDF-teamet. Sidst opdateret 2026-08-19.